Overview of geotechnical engineering, importance of soil in civil engineering as construction materials, field application of geotechnical engineering, Learn with Ashiso,learnwithashiso.

 Importance of soil in Civil Engineering as construction materials:-

Soil is the mossy importance part of construction which carries any types of loads which comes on that structure. 

      Eg:- Building load - slab, beam,  column,  foundation, sub- soil. 

Soil can be used as:-

A. As construction materials

B. As foundation materials

A. As construction material:-

1. As a clay materials:-

                                            Clayey soil is generally used in the foundation of clay bricks it is cheap and can be utilized for various construction materials.  

2. As a Road:-

                          For construction of WBM ( Water Bound Maccadam ) roads. Soil is used as binder and it is used to filled in the gap of stone and basalt. 

3. As a retaining wall:-

                                            In retaining wall soil is used as filling materials. 

4. Soil is used to hold water dur to its impermeable nature. 

5. Soil is also used to filter. 

B. As foundation materials :-

 

Foundation:- 

                         Foundation is lower most part of structure which transmit the load from super structure to sub- soil. 

• The strength of soil will varies their different layers, so the foundation should be rest on that soil which can carry all loads of structure which comes on its. Generally foundation has been rest on hard soil. 
• The foundation of any structure rest on soil thus its act as a bed for structure thus soil helps to gives necessary support to various types of structure. 

             Eg:- Building foundation, Bridge foundation, Canal, Dams, Roadways, Railways, Airport, etc;

Field application of Geotechnical Engineering:-

The geotechnical engineering has vast application in the construction of different civil engineering works because every structure like Buildings, bridges, dams, e.t.c; must be founded on soil. 

As foundation design of buildings:-

Foundation of all types of buildings are supported on soil, foundation are required to transmit the loads of the super structure safely to the sub- soil. 

                           If the soil surface is hard then shallow foundation is provided but when the soil is loose ( soft )  then deep foundation is provided. 

In Road construction:-

Soil is also used as a foundation materials in the construction of roads it is known as sub- grade. 

In Earthen Dam:-

The dam which is made by soil as a construction materials, these types of dams are built for creating water reservoir mainly for agricultural purpose since the earthen dam may cause great loss of life and property. 

                                             For construction of earthen dam deep knowledge of soil engineering required for safe, economical and impermeable dams. 

In Bricks:-

The most common materials of bricks which can also be made by soil. 

In Embankment:-

For the construction of road embankment soil is used as a filler materials.